6 SC2026

Joachim Ansorg edited this page 2024-07-05 10:58:53 +02:00

Table of Contents

• This word is outside of quotes. Did you intend to 'nest '"'single quotes'"' instead?
• Problematic code:
• Correct code:
• Rationale:
• Exceptions

This word is outside of quotes. Did you intend to 'nest '"'single quotes'"' instead?

Problematic code:

alias server_uptime='ssh $host 'uptime -p''

Correct code:

alias server_uptime='ssh $host '"'uptime -p'"

Rationale:

In the first case, the user has four single quotes on a line, wishfully hoping that the shell will match them up as outer quotes around a string with literal single quotes:

#                   v--------match--------v
alias server_uptime='ssh $host 'uptime -p''
#                              ^--match--^

The shell, meanwhile, always terminates single quoted strings at the first possible single quote:

#                   v---match--v
alias server_uptime='ssh $host 'uptime -p''
#                                        ^^

Which is the same thing as alias server_uptime='ssh $host uptime' -p.

There is no way to nest single quotes. However, single quotes can be placed literally in double quotes, so we can instead concatenate a single quoted string and a double quoted string:

#                   v--match---v
alias server_uptime='ssh $host '"'uptime -p'"
#                               ^---match---^

This results in an alias with embedded single quotes.

Exceptions

None.

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