2020-03-23 22:11:42 -07:00

425 lines
18 KiB
Python

from future.moves.urllib.request import urlopen, build_opener, install_opener
from future.moves.urllib.request import Request, HTTPSHandler
from future.moves.urllib.error import URLError, HTTPError
from future.moves.urllib.parse import urlencode
import random
import datetime
import time
import uuid
import hashlib
import socket
def generate_uuid(basedata=None):
""" Provides a _random_ UUID with no input, or a UUID4-format MD5 checksum of any input data provided """
if basedata is None:
return str(uuid.uuid4())
elif isinstance(basedata, str):
checksum = hashlib.md5(str(basedata).encode('utf-8')).hexdigest()
return '%8s-%4s-%4s-%4s-%12s' % (
checksum[0:8], checksum[8:12], checksum[12:16], checksum[16:20], checksum[20:32])
class Time(datetime.datetime):
""" Wrappers and convenience methods for processing various time representations """
@classmethod
def from_unix(cls, seconds, milliseconds=0):
""" Produce a full |datetime.datetime| object from a Unix timestamp """
base = list(time.gmtime(seconds))[0:6]
base.append(milliseconds * 1000) # microseconds
return cls(*base)
@classmethod
def to_unix(cls, timestamp):
""" Wrapper over time module to produce Unix epoch time as a float """
if not isinstance(timestamp, datetime.datetime):
raise TypeError('Time.milliseconds expects a datetime object')
base = time.mktime(timestamp.timetuple())
return base
@classmethod
def milliseconds_offset(cls, timestamp, now=None):
""" Offset time (in milliseconds) from a |datetime.datetime| object to now """
if isinstance(timestamp, (int, float)):
base = timestamp
else:
base = cls.to_unix(timestamp)
base = base + (timestamp.microsecond / 1000000)
if now is None:
now = time.time()
return (now - base) * 1000
class HTTPRequest(object):
""" URL Construction and request handling abstraction.
This is not intended to be used outside this module.
Automates mapping of persistent state (i.e. query parameters)
onto transcient datasets for each query.
"""
endpoint = 'https://www.google-analytics.com/collect'
@staticmethod
def debug():
""" Activate debugging on urllib2 """
handler = HTTPSHandler(debuglevel=1)
opener = build_opener(handler)
install_opener(opener)
# Store properties for all requests
def __init__(self, user_agent=None, *args, **opts):
self.user_agent = user_agent or 'Analytics Pros - Universal Analytics (Python)'
@classmethod
def fixUTF8(cls, data): # Ensure proper encoding for UA's servers...
""" Convert all strings to UTF-8 """
for key in data:
if isinstance(data[key], str):
data[key] = data[key].encode('utf-8')
return data
# Apply stored properties to the given dataset & POST to the configured endpoint
def send(self, data):
request = Request(
self.endpoint + '?' + urlencode(self.fixUTF8(data)).encode('utf-8'),
headers={
'User-Agent': self.user_agent
}
)
self.open(request)
def open(self, request):
try:
return urlopen(request)
except HTTPError as e:
return False
except URLError as e:
self.cache_request(request)
return False
def cache_request(self, request):
# TODO: implement a proper caching mechanism here for re-transmitting hits
# record = (Time.now(), request.get_full_url(), request.get_data(), request.headers)
pass
class HTTPPost(HTTPRequest):
# Apply stored properties to the given dataset & POST to the configured endpoint
def send(self, data):
request = Request(
self.endpoint,
data=urlencode(self.fixUTF8(data)).encode('utf-8'),
headers={
'User-Agent': self.user_agent
}
)
self.open(request)
class Tracker(object):
""" Primary tracking interface for Universal Analytics """
params = None
parameter_alias = {}
valid_hittypes = ('pageview', 'event', 'social', 'screenview', 'transaction', 'item', 'exception', 'timing')
@classmethod
def alias(cls, typemap, base, *names):
""" Declare an alternate (humane) name for a measurement protocol parameter """
cls.parameter_alias[base] = (typemap, base)
for i in names:
cls.parameter_alias[i] = (typemap, base)
@classmethod
def coerceParameter(cls, name, value=None):
if isinstance(name, str) and name[0] == '&':
return name[1:], str(value)
elif name in cls.parameter_alias:
typecast, param_name = cls.parameter_alias.get(name)
return param_name, typecast(value)
else:
raise KeyError('Parameter "{0}" is not recognized'.format(name))
def payload(self, data):
for key, value in data.items():
try:
yield self.coerceParameter(key, value)
except KeyError:
continue
option_sequence = {
'pageview': [(str, 'dp')],
'event': [(str, 'ec'), (str, 'ea'), (str, 'el'), (int, 'ev')],
'social': [(str, 'sn'), (str, 'sa'), (str, 'st')],
'timing': [(str, 'utc'), (str, 'utv'), (str, 'utt'), (str, 'utl')]
}
@classmethod
def consume_options(cls, data, hittype, args):
""" Interpret sequential arguments related to known hittypes based on declared structures """
opt_position = 0
data['t'] = hittype # integrate hit type parameter
if hittype in cls.option_sequence:
for expected_type, optname in cls.option_sequence[hittype]:
if opt_position < len(args) and isinstance(args[opt_position], expected_type):
data[optname] = args[opt_position]
opt_position += 1
@classmethod
def hittime(cls, timestamp=None, age=None, milliseconds=None):
""" Returns an integer represeting the milliseconds offset for a given hit (relative to now) """
if isinstance(timestamp, (int, float)):
return int(Time.milliseconds_offset(Time.from_unix(timestamp, milliseconds=milliseconds)))
if isinstance(timestamp, datetime.datetime):
return int(Time.milliseconds_offset(timestamp))
if isinstance(age, (int, float)):
return int(age * 1000) + (milliseconds or 0)
@property
def account(self):
return self.params.get('tid', None)
def __init__(self, account, name=None, client_id=None, hash_client_id=False, user_id=None, user_agent=None,
use_post=True):
if use_post is False:
self.http = HTTPRequest(user_agent=user_agent)
else:
self.http = HTTPPost(user_agent=user_agent)
self.params = {'v': 1, 'tid': account}
if client_id is None:
client_id = generate_uuid()
self.params['cid'] = client_id
self.hash_client_id = hash_client_id
if user_id is not None:
self.params['uid'] = user_id
def set_timestamp(self, data):
""" Interpret time-related options, apply queue-time parameter as needed """
if 'hittime' in data: # an absolute timestamp
data['qt'] = self.hittime(timestamp=data.pop('hittime', None))
if 'hitage' in data: # a relative age (in seconds)
data['qt'] = self.hittime(age=data.pop('hitage', None))
def send(self, hittype, *args, **data):
""" Transmit HTTP requests to Google Analytics using the measurement protocol """
if hittype not in self.valid_hittypes:
raise KeyError('Unsupported Universal Analytics Hit Type: {0}'.format(repr(hittype)))
self.set_timestamp(data)
self.consume_options(data, hittype, args)
for item in args: # process dictionary-object arguments of transcient data
if isinstance(item, dict):
for key, val in self.payload(item):
data[key] = val
for k, v in self.params.items(): # update only absent parameters
if k not in data:
data[k] = v
data = dict(self.payload(data))
if self.hash_client_id:
data['cid'] = generate_uuid(data['cid'])
# Transmit the hit to Google...
self.http.send(data)
# Setting persistent attibutes of the session/hit/etc (inc. custom dimensions/metrics)
def set(self, name, value=None):
if isinstance(name, dict):
for key, value in name.items():
try:
param, value = self.coerceParameter(key, value)
self.params[param] = value
except KeyError:
pass
elif isinstance(name, str):
try:
param, value = self.coerceParameter(name, value)
self.params[param] = value
except KeyError:
pass
def __getitem__(self, name):
param, value = self.coerceParameter(name, None)
return self.params.get(param, None)
def __setitem__(self, name, value):
param, value = self.coerceParameter(name, value)
self.params[param] = value
def __delitem__(self, name):
param, value = self.coerceParameter(name, None)
if param in self.params:
del self.params[param]
def safe_unicode(obj):
""" Safe convertion to the Unicode string version of the object """
try:
return str(obj)
except UnicodeDecodeError:
return obj.decode('utf-8')
# Declaring name mappings for Measurement Protocol parameters
MAX_CUSTOM_DEFINITIONS = 200
MAX_EC_LISTS = 11 # 1-based index
MAX_EC_PRODUCTS = 11 # 1-based index
MAX_EC_PROMOTIONS = 11 # 1-based index
Tracker.alias(int, 'v', 'protocol-version')
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'cid', 'client-id', 'clientId', 'clientid')
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'tid', 'trackingId', 'account')
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'uid', 'user-id', 'userId', 'userid')
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'uip', 'user-ip', 'userIp', 'ipaddr')
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'ua', 'userAgent', 'userAgentOverride', 'user-agent')
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'dp', 'page', 'path')
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'dt', 'title', 'pagetitle', 'pageTitle' 'page-title')
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'dl', 'location')
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'dh', 'hostname')
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'sc', 'sessioncontrol', 'session-control', 'sessionControl')
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'dr', 'referrer', 'referer')
Tracker.alias(int, 'qt', 'queueTime', 'queue-time')
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 't', 'hitType', 'hittype')
Tracker.alias(int, 'aip', 'anonymizeIp', 'anonIp', 'anonymize-ip')
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'ds', 'dataSource', 'data-source')
# Campaign attribution
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'cn', 'campaign', 'campaignName', 'campaign-name')
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'cs', 'source', 'campaignSource', 'campaign-source')
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'cm', 'medium', 'campaignMedium', 'campaign-medium')
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'ck', 'keyword', 'campaignKeyword', 'campaign-keyword')
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'cc', 'content', 'campaignContent', 'campaign-content')
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'ci', 'campaignId', 'campaignID', 'campaign-id')
# Technical specs
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'sr', 'screenResolution', 'screen-resolution', 'resolution')
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'vp', 'viewport', 'viewportSize', 'viewport-size')
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'de', 'encoding', 'documentEncoding', 'document-encoding')
Tracker.alias(int, 'sd', 'colors', 'screenColors', 'screen-colors')
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'ul', 'language', 'user-language', 'userLanguage')
# Mobile app
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'an', 'appName', 'app-name', 'app')
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'cd', 'contentDescription', 'screenName', 'screen-name', 'content-description')
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'av', 'appVersion', 'app-version', 'version')
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'aid', 'appID', 'appId', 'application-id', 'app-id', 'applicationId')
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'aiid', 'appInstallerId', 'app-installer-id')
# Ecommerce
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'ta', 'affiliation', 'transactionAffiliation', 'transaction-affiliation')
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'ti', 'transaction', 'transactionId', 'transaction-id')
Tracker.alias(float, 'tr', 'revenue', 'transactionRevenue', 'transaction-revenue')
Tracker.alias(float, 'ts', 'shipping', 'transactionShipping', 'transaction-shipping')
Tracker.alias(float, 'tt', 'tax', 'transactionTax', 'transaction-tax')
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'cu', 'currency', 'transactionCurrency',
'transaction-currency') # Currency code, e.g. USD, EUR
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'in', 'item-name', 'itemName')
Tracker.alias(float, 'ip', 'item-price', 'itemPrice')
Tracker.alias(float, 'iq', 'item-quantity', 'itemQuantity')
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'ic', 'item-code', 'sku', 'itemCode')
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'iv', 'item-variation', 'item-category', 'itemCategory', 'itemVariation')
# Events
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'ec', 'event-category', 'eventCategory', 'category')
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'ea', 'event-action', 'eventAction', 'action')
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'el', 'event-label', 'eventLabel', 'label')
Tracker.alias(int, 'ev', 'event-value', 'eventValue', 'value')
Tracker.alias(int, 'ni', 'noninteractive', 'nonInteractive', 'noninteraction', 'nonInteraction')
# Social
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'sa', 'social-action', 'socialAction')
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'sn', 'social-network', 'socialNetwork')
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'st', 'social-target', 'socialTarget')
# Exceptions
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'exd', 'exception-description', 'exceptionDescription', 'exDescription')
Tracker.alias(int, 'exf', 'exception-fatal', 'exceptionFatal', 'exFatal')
# User Timing
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'utc', 'timingCategory', 'timing-category')
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'utv', 'timingVariable', 'timing-variable')
Tracker.alias(float, 'utt', 'time', 'timingTime', 'timing-time')
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'utl', 'timingLabel', 'timing-label')
Tracker.alias(float, 'dns', 'timingDNS', 'timing-dns')
Tracker.alias(float, 'pdt', 'timingPageLoad', 'timing-page-load')
Tracker.alias(float, 'rrt', 'timingRedirect', 'timing-redirect')
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'tcp', 'timingTCPConnect', 'timing-tcp-connect')
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'srt', 'timingServerResponse', 'timing-server-response')
# Custom dimensions and metrics
for i in range(0, 200):
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'cd{0}'.format(i), 'dimension{0}'.format(i))
Tracker.alias(int, 'cm{0}'.format(i), 'metric{0}'.format(i))
# Content groups
for i in range(0, 5):
Tracker.alias(safe_unicode, 'cg{0}'.format(i), 'contentGroup{0}'.format(i))
# Enhanced Ecommerce
Tracker.alias(str, 'pa') # Product action
Tracker.alias(str, 'tcc') # Coupon code
Tracker.alias(str, 'pal') # Product action list
Tracker.alias(int, 'cos') # Checkout step
Tracker.alias(str, 'col') # Checkout step option
Tracker.alias(str, 'promoa') # Promotion action
for product_index in range(1, MAX_EC_PRODUCTS):
Tracker.alias(str, 'pr{0}id'.format(product_index)) # Product SKU
Tracker.alias(str, 'pr{0}nm'.format(product_index)) # Product name
Tracker.alias(str, 'pr{0}br'.format(product_index)) # Product brand
Tracker.alias(str, 'pr{0}ca'.format(product_index)) # Product category
Tracker.alias(str, 'pr{0}va'.format(product_index)) # Product variant
Tracker.alias(str, 'pr{0}pr'.format(product_index)) # Product price
Tracker.alias(int, 'pr{0}qt'.format(product_index)) # Product quantity
Tracker.alias(str, 'pr{0}cc'.format(product_index)) # Product coupon code
Tracker.alias(int, 'pr{0}ps'.format(product_index)) # Product position
for custom_index in range(MAX_CUSTOM_DEFINITIONS):
Tracker.alias(str, 'pr{0}cd{1}'.format(product_index, custom_index)) # Product custom dimension
Tracker.alias(int, 'pr{0}cm{1}'.format(product_index, custom_index)) # Product custom metric
for list_index in range(1, MAX_EC_LISTS):
Tracker.alias(str, 'il{0}pi{1}id'.format(list_index, product_index)) # Product impression SKU
Tracker.alias(str, 'il{0}pi{1}nm'.format(list_index, product_index)) # Product impression name
Tracker.alias(str, 'il{0}pi{1}br'.format(list_index, product_index)) # Product impression brand
Tracker.alias(str, 'il{0}pi{1}ca'.format(list_index, product_index)) # Product impression category
Tracker.alias(str, 'il{0}pi{1}va'.format(list_index, product_index)) # Product impression variant
Tracker.alias(int, 'il{0}pi{1}ps'.format(list_index, product_index)) # Product impression position
Tracker.alias(int, 'il{0}pi{1}pr'.format(list_index, product_index)) # Product impression price
for custom_index in range(MAX_CUSTOM_DEFINITIONS):
Tracker.alias(str, 'il{0}pi{1}cd{2}'.format(list_index, product_index,
custom_index)) # Product impression custom dimension
Tracker.alias(int, 'il{0}pi{1}cm{2}'.format(list_index, product_index,
custom_index)) # Product impression custom metric
for list_index in range(1, MAX_EC_LISTS):
Tracker.alias(str, 'il{0}nm'.format(list_index)) # Product impression list name
for promotion_index in range(1, MAX_EC_PROMOTIONS):
Tracker.alias(str, 'promo{0}id'.format(promotion_index)) # Promotion ID
Tracker.alias(str, 'promo{0}nm'.format(promotion_index)) # Promotion name
Tracker.alias(str, 'promo{0}cr'.format(promotion_index)) # Promotion creative
Tracker.alias(str, 'promo{0}ps'.format(promotion_index)) # Promotion position
# Shortcut for creating trackers
def create(account, *args, **kwargs):
return Tracker(account, *args, **kwargs)
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