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142 lines
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<title>GNU libunistring: 2. Conventions</title>
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<table cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" border="0">
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<tr><td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="libunistring_1.html#SEC1" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << </a>]</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="libunistring_3.html#SEC9" title="Next chapter"> >> </a>]</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
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<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
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<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
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<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
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<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="libunistring_toc.html#SEC_Top" title="Cover (top) of document">Top</a>]</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="libunistring_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents">Contents</a>]</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="libunistring_21.html#SEC92" title="Index">Index</a>]</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="libunistring_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)"> ? </a>]</td>
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</tr></table>
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<hr size="2">
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<a name="Conventions"></a>
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<a name="SEC8"></a>
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<h1 class="chapter"> <a href="libunistring_toc.html#TOC8">2. Conventions</a> </h1>
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<p>This chapter explains conventions valid throughout the libunistring library.
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</p>
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<a name="IDX14"></a>
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<p>Variables of type <code>char *</code> denote C strings in locale encoding.
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See <a href="libunistring_1.html#SEC4">Locale encodings</a>.
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</p>
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<p>Variables of type <code>uint8_t *</code> denote UTF-8 strings. Their units
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are bytes.
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</p>
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<p>Variables of type <code>uint16_t *</code> denote UTF-16 strings, without byte
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order mark. Their units are 2-byte words.
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</p>
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<p>Variables of type <code>uint32_t *</code> denote UTF-32 strings, without byte
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order mark. Their units are 4-byte words.
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</p>
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<p>Argument pairs <code>(<var>s</var>, <var>n</var>)</code> denote a string
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<code><var>s</var>[0..<var>n</var>-1]</code> with exactly <var>n</var> units.
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</p>
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<p>All functions with prefix ‘<samp>ulc_</samp>’ operate on C strings in locale
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encoding.
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</p>
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<p>All functions with prefix ‘<samp>u8_</samp>’ operate on UTF-8 strings.
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</p>
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<p>All functions with prefix ‘<samp>u16_</samp>’ operate on UTF-16 strings.
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</p>
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<p>All functions with prefix ‘<samp>u32_</samp>’ operate on UTF-32 strings.
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</p>
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<p>For every function with prefix ‘<samp>u8_</samp>’, operating on UTF-8 strings,
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there is also a corresponding function with prefix ‘<samp>u16_</samp>’,
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operating on UTF-16 strings, and a corresponding function with prefix
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‘<samp>u32_</samp>’, operating on UTF-32 strings. Their description is
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analogous; in this documentation we describe only the function that
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operates on UTF-8 strings, for brevity.
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</p>
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<p>A declaration with a variable <var>n</var> denotes the three concrete
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declarations with <var>n</var> = 8, <var>n</var> = 16, <var>n</var> = 32.
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</p>
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<p>All parameters starting with ‘<samp>str</samp>’ and the parameters of
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functions starting with <code>u8_str</code>/<code>u16_str</code>/<code>u32_str</code>
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denote a NUL terminated string.
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</p>
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<a name="IDX15"></a>
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<p>Error values are always returned through the <code>errno</code> variable,
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usually with a return value that indicates the presence of an error
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(NULL for functions that return an pointer, or -1 for functions that
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return an <code>int</code>).
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</p>
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<p>Functions returning a string result take a
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<code>(<var>resultbuf</var>, <var>lengthp</var>)</code>
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argument pair. If <var>resultbuf</var> is not NULL and the result fits
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into <code>*<var>lengthp</var></code> units, it is put in <var>resultbuf</var>, and
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<var>resultbuf</var> is returned. Otherwise, a freshly allocated string
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is returned. In both cases, <code>*<var>lengthp</var></code> is set to the
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length (number of units) of the returned string. In case of error,
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NULL is returned and <code>errno</code> is set.
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</p>
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<hr size="6">
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<table cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" border="0">
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<tr><td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="libunistring_1.html#SEC1" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << </a>]</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="libunistring_3.html#SEC9" title="Next chapter"> >> </a>]</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
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<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
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<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
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<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
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<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
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<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="libunistring_toc.html#SEC_Top" title="Cover (top) of document">Top</a>]</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="libunistring_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents">Contents</a>]</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="libunistring_21.html#SEC92" title="Index">Index</a>]</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="libunistring_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)"> ? </a>]</td>
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</tr></table>
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<p>
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<font size="-1">
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This document was generated by <em>Bruno Haible</em> on <em>October, 16 2022</em> using <a href="https://www.nongnu.org/texi2html/"><em>texi2html 1.78a</em></a>.
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