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<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ANSI_X3.4-1968"><title>The CYGWIN environment variable</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="docbook.css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot"><link rel="home" href="cygwin-ug-net.html" title="Cygwin User's Guide"><link rel="up" href="using.html" title="Chapter 3. Using Cygwin"><link rel="prev" href="proc.html" title="proc"><link rel="next" href="ntsec.html" title="POSIX accounts, permission, and security"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">The <code class="envar">CYGWIN</code> environment
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variable</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="proc.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Chapter 3. Using Cygwin</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ntsec.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="sect1"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="using-cygwinenv"></a>The <code class="envar">CYGWIN</code> environment
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variable</h2></div></div></div><div class="sect2"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="cygwinenv-implemented-options"></a>Implemented options</h3></div></div></div><p>The <code class="envar">CYGWIN</code> environment variable is used to configure
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many global settings for the Cygwin runtime system. It contains the options
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listed below, separated by blank characters. Many options can be turned off
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by prefixing with <code class="literal">no</code>.</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: bullet; "><li class="listitem" style="list-style-type: disc"><p><code class="envar">(no)export</code> - If set, the final values of these
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settings are re-exported to the environment as <code class="envar">CYGWIN</code> again.
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Defaults to off.</p></li><li class="listitem" style="list-style-type: disc"><p>
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<code class="envar">error_start:Win32filepath</code> - if set, runs
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<code class="filename">Win32filepath</code> when cygwin encounters a fatal error,
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which is useful for debugging. <code class="filename">Win32filepath</code> is
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usually set to the path to <span class="command"><strong>gdb</strong></span> or
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<span class="command"><strong>dumper</strong></span>, for example
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<code class="filename">C:\cygwin\bin\gdb.exe</code>.
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There is no default set.
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</p><p>
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The filename of the executing program and it's Windows process id are appended
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to the command as arguments.
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</p></li><li class="listitem" style="list-style-type: disc"><p><code class="envar">(no)glob[:ignorecase]</code> - if set, command line arguments
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containing UNIX-style file wildcard characters (brackets, braces, question mark,
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asterisk, escaped with \) are expanded into lists of files that match
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those wildcards.
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This is applicable only to programs run from non-Cygwin programs such as a CMD prompt.
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That means that this setting does not affect globbing operations for shells such as
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bash, sh, tcsh, zsh, etc.
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Default is set.</p><p>This option also accepts an optional <code class="literal">[no]ignorecase</code> modifer.
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If supplied, wildcard matching is case insensitive. The default is <code class="literal">noignorecase</code></p></li><li class="listitem" style="list-style-type: disc"><p><code class="envar">(no)pipe_byte</code> - if set, Cygwin opens pipes in byte mode rather than
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message mode. This is the default starting with Cygwin 3.4.0.
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</p></li><li class="listitem" style="list-style-type: disc"><p><code class="envar">proc_retry:n</code> - causes <code class="function">fork()</code> and
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<code class="function">exec*()</code> to retry n times when a child process fails
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due to certain windows-specific errors. These errors usually occur when
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processes are being started while a user is logging off.
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</p></li><li class="listitem" style="list-style-type: disc"><p><code class="envar">(no)reset_com</code> - if set, serial ports are reset
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to 9600-8-N-1 with no flow control when used. This is done at open
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time and when handles are inherited. Defaults to set.</p></li><li class="listitem" style="list-style-type: disc"><p><code class="envar">(no)wincmdln</code> - if set, the windows complete command
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line (truncated to ~32K) will be passed on any processes that it creates
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in addition to the normal UNIX argv list. Defaults to set.</p></li><li class="listitem" style="list-style-type: disc"><p><code class="envar">winsymlinks:{lnk,native,nativestrict,sys}</code></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: square; "><li class="listitem" style="list-style-type: square"><p>If set to just
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<code class="literal">winsymlinks</code> or <code class="literal">winsymlinks:lnk</code>,
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Cygwin creates symlinks as Windows shortcuts with a special header and
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the R/O attribute set.</p></li><li class="listitem" style="list-style-type: square"><p>If set to <code class="literal">winsymlinks:native</code> or
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<code class="literal">winsymlinks:nativestrict</code>, Cygwin creates symlinks as
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native Windows symlinks on filesystems and OS versions supporting them.</p><p>The difference between <code class="literal">winsymlinks:native</code> and
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<code class="literal">winsymlinks:nativestrict</code> is this: If the filesystem
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supports native symlinks and Cygwin fails to create a native symlink for
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some reason, it will fall back to creating Cygwin default symlinks
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with <code class="literal">winsymlinks:native</code>, while with
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<code class="literal">winsymlinks:nativestrict</code> the <code class="literal">symlink(2)</code>
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system call will immediately fail.</p></li><li class="listitem" style="list-style-type: square"><p>If set to <code class="literal">winsymlinks:sys</code>, Cygwin creates symlinks as
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plain files with the <code class="literal">system</code> attribute, containing a magic
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cookie followed by the path to which the link points.</p></li></ul></div><p>Note that this setting has no effect where Cygwin knows that the
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filesystem only supports a creating symlinks in a specific way.</p><p>For more information on symbolic links, see
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<a class="xref" href="using.html#pathnames-symlinks" title="Symbolic links">the section called “Symbolic links”</a>.</p></li><li class="listitem" style="list-style-type: disc"><p><code class="envar">disable_pcon</code> - if set, pseudo console support in
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pty will be disabled. This is for programs which do not work properly
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under pty with pseudo console enabled. Defaults to not set.</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="cygwinenv-removed-options"></a>Obsolete options</h3></div></div></div><p>
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Certain CYGWIN options available in past releases have been removed over
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time for one reason or another. These obsolete options are listed
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below.</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: bullet; "><li class="listitem" style="list-style-type: disc"><p><code class="envar">(no)binmode</code> - This option has been removed because
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all file opens default to binary mode, unless the open mode has been specified
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explicitly in the open(2) call.
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</p></li><li class="listitem" style="list-style-type: disc"><p><code class="envar">(no)detect_bloda</code> - No case of a BLODA found by this
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option has been reported in years.</p></li><li class="listitem" style="list-style-type: disc"><p><code class="envar">(no)dosfilewarning</code> - This option had been disabled for
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quite some time and nobody missed it.</p></li><li class="listitem" style="list-style-type: disc"><p><code class="envar">check_case</code> - This option has been removed in favor of
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real case sensitivity and the per-mount option "posix=[0|1]". For more
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information, read the documentation in <a class="xref" href="using.html#mount-table" title="The Cygwin Mount Table">the section called “The Cygwin Mount Table”</a> and
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<a class="xref" href="using-specialnames.html#pathnames-casesensitive" title="Case sensitive filenames">the section called “Case sensitive filenames”</a>.</p></li><li class="listitem" style="list-style-type: disc"><p><code class="envar">codepage:[ansi|oem]</code> - This option controlled
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which character set is used for file and console operations. Since Cygwin
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is now doing all character conversion by itself, depending on the
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application call to the <code class="function">setlocale()</code> function, and in
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turn by the setting of the environment variables <code class="envar">$LANG</code>,
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<code class="envar">$LC_ALL</code>, or <code class="envar">$LC_CTYPE</code>, this setting
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became superfluous.</p></li><li class="listitem" style="list-style-type: disc"><p><code class="envar">(no)envcache</code> - Originally, <code class="envar">envcache</code>
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controlled caching of environment variable conversion between Win32 and
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POSIX. The default setting works fine, the option was just useless.</p></li><li class="listitem" style="list-style-type: disc"><p><code class="envar">forkchunk:[intval]</code> - This option allowed to influence
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the <code class="function">fork()</code> function in the way the memory of the
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parent process gets copied to the child process. This functionality was
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only useful for Windows 95/98/Me.
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</p></li><li class="listitem" style="list-style-type: disc"><p><code class="envar">(no)ntea</code> - This option has been removed since it
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only fakes security which is considered dangerous and useless. It also
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created an uncontrollably large file on FAT and was entirely useless
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on FAT32.</p></li><li class="listitem" style="list-style-type: disc"><p><code class="envar">(no)ntsec</code> - This option has been removed in favor of
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the per-mount option "acl"/"noacl". For more information, read the
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documentation in <a class="xref" href="using.html#mount-table" title="The Cygwin Mount Table">the section called “The Cygwin Mount Table”</a>.</p></li><li class="listitem" style="list-style-type: disc"><p><code class="envar">(no)server</code> - Originally this option had to be
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enabled on the client side to use features only available when running
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<span class="command"><strong>cygserver</strong></span>. This option has been removed because Cygwin now
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always tries to contact cygserver if a function is called which requires
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cygserver being available. For more information, read the documentation
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in <a class="xref" href="using-cygserver.html" title="Cygserver">the section called “Cygserver”</a>.</p></li><li class="listitem" style="list-style-type: disc"><p><code class="envar">(no)smbntsec</code> - This option has been removed in favor of
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the per-mount option "acl"/"noacl". For more information, read the
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documentation in <a class="xref" href="using.html#mount-table" title="The Cygwin Mount Table">the section called “The Cygwin Mount Table”</a>.</p></li><li class="listitem" style="list-style-type: disc"><p><code class="envar">(no)strip_title</code> - Removed because setting the Window title
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can be controlled by the application via Escape sequences.</p></li><li class="listitem" style="list-style-type: disc"><p><code class="envar">(no)title</code> - Removed because setting the Window title
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can be controlled by the application via Escape sequences.</p></li><li class="listitem" style="list-style-type: disc"><p><code class="envar">(no)transparent_exe</code> - This option has been removed
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because the behaviour it switched on is now the standard behaviour in
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Cygwin.</p></li><li class="listitem" style="list-style-type: disc"><p><code class="envar">(no)traverse</code> - This option has been removed because
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traverse checking is not quite correctly implemented by Microsoft and
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it's behaviour has been getting worse with each new OS version. This
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complicates its usage so the option has been removed for now.</p></li><li class="listitem" style="list-style-type: disc"><p><code class="envar">(no)tty</code> - If set, Cygwin enabled extra support
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(i.e., termios) for UNIX-like ttys in the Windows console. This option
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has been removed because it can be easily replaced by using a terminal
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like <span class="command"><strong>mintty</strong></span>, and it does not work well with some
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Windows programs.</p></li><li class="listitem" style="list-style-type: disc"><p><code class="envar">(no)upcaseenv</code> - This option could be used to convert
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all environment variables to uppercase. This was the default behavior in
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older releases of Cygwin. Since keeping the case of environment variables
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intact is POSIXly correct, Cygwin now does not change the case
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of environment variables, except for a restricted set to maintain minimal
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backward compatibility. The current list of always uppercased variables is:
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</p><pre class="screen">
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COMMONPROGRAMFILES
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COMSPEC
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PATH
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SYSTEMDRIVE
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SYSTEMROOT
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TEMP
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TMP
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WINDIR
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</pre></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="proc.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="using.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ntsec.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">proc </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="cygwin-ug-net.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> POSIX accounts, permission, and security</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
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